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How TO Buy a new or used piano or digital keyboard

A helpful GUIDE to choosing and buying/renting a digital keyboard, digital piano, or an acoustic piano

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Deciding which kind of keyboard instrument is best for your needs can be a daunting task. This guide covers the basic differences between digital keyboards, digital pianos, and the various types of acoustic pianos, including a variety of upright and grand pianos.

 

Some things you'll learn about include:

  • Differences in types of keyboard feel in digital instruments

  • The eight types of acoustic piano

  • Why saving money can sometimes backfire

  • Understanding key features, pricing, and quality considerations for each type of instrument 

  • Proper placement, maintenance, & essential accessories

  • Buying used vs new

  • How to avoid common problems when buying or renting an instrument

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Jump to Acoustic Pianos

Digital Instruments

Choosing between a digital piano and a digital keyboard depends on budget, space, use case, and playing style.

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Digital Pianos vs. Digital Keyboards

  • Digital Pianos: Designed to mimic the feel and sound of an acoustic piano, often with weighted or graded hammer-action keys. Best for serious students and professionals needing an alternative to an acoustic piano.

  • Digital Keyboards: More lightweight and portable, often with non-weighted or semi-weighted keys. Ideal for beginners, casual players, and those needing an affordable, space-saving option.

  • Budget Considerations: Beginner-friendly keyboards start at $100-$150 used and around $200 and up new. Depending on your needs, there are many smaller companies that make extremely affordable instruments, but there are frequently compromises in quality. If buying used, consider asking someone with experience or hiring a professional to evaluate an instrument or online seller for you.

  • Renting Digital Pianos: Many dealers offer digital piano rentals as a flexible option for beginners or those who want to try before committing to a purchase.

 

Key Features to Look for in a Digital PIANO or KEYBOARD

  • Touch Sensitivity: Ensures keys respond to how hard or soft they are played—crucial for developing dynamics in playing.

  • Weighted vs. Non-Weighted Keys: Fully weighted keys feel like a real piano. Non-weighted keys are lighter and springier. Fully weighted keys are preferable for developing piano technique, while non or semi-weighted keys can be great for young students, beginners, or for music production.

  • Onboard Learning Features: Built-in metronomes, lesson functions, and play-along tracks can enhance practice.

  • Sound Quality & Options: Some models offer only basic piano sounds, while others include hundreds of tones.

  • MIDI Controller Only: There are several keyboards on the market that do not produce sound on their own. Instead they connect to a computer and trigger sounds from music production programs like Garageband, Logic Pro X, and Ableton Live. These keyboards are often priced much lower than keyboards with a built in sound engine, so they can be a great option for people on a budget or music producers.

  • Audio & Connectivity Options:

    • USB/MIDI for linking with a computer or music software.

    • Bluetooth for playing along with streamed music.

    • Headphone jacks for silent practice.

    • Auxiliary input for external audio sources.

  • Speakers & Amplification: Built-in speakers vary in quality; some models allow external speaker connections.

 

EXAMPLES OF Digital Keyboards & Pianos

There are MANY keyboards available with a wide variety of features. These are some examples from popular brands. 

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Essential Accessories for Your Keyboard or Digital Piano

  • Piano Bench: Most keyboards do not come with a bench, so you’ll need a sturdy bench, stool, or chair that allows for proper posture and comfortable playing. 

  • Keyboard Stand: There are several types of stands to choose from, depending on your needs. Choose a stand that provides comfortable legroom and allows easy access to pedals for your intended use:

    • Tabletop Stand – A folding stand with a flat tabletop surface designed to support keyboards of various sizes. These stands provide maximum stability and are ideal for home studios, music production setups, and performance spaces where a more solid platform is needed. Setup is minimal—just unfold the legs and place your keyboard on top. While fairly compact when folded, some models are heavier than other stand types and may take up more space in a room.

    • X-Style Stand – A collapsible stand with an X-shaped frame, popular for its affordability and portability. It folds flat for easy transport and is a great option for gigging musicians or anyone needing a lightweight, quick-to-set-up stand. However, X stands can be unstable for heavier keyboards, and the crossbar in the center can obstruct foot movement, making it harder to use sustain pedals while seated.

    • Z-Style Stand – A rectangular Z-shaped stand known for stability and support, making it better suited for heavier digital pianos. While it takes a little longer to assemble than an X-stand, it provides better weight distribution and sturdiness, making it a solid option for home setups and professional studios. These stands are not as compact when folded, so they are less ideal for frequent transport.

    • Multi-Tier Stand – Designed for stacking multiple keyboards, these stands allow musicians to use two or more instruments at once. While they are great for studio setups, stage performances, and producers working with synthesizers and MIDI controllers, they require more assembly and fine-tuning than single-tier stands. Due to their bulk, they are not as portable as other options, making them better for stationary setups.​

  • Sustain Pedal: Essential for expressive playing, but polarity differences mean not all pedals work with all keyboards. Brands like Yamaha and Roland use opposite polarities, causing some pedals to function in reverse. Universal sustain pedals with a polarity switch ensure compatibility across most brands. Either purchase a pedal that is approved for use with your keyboard, or Invest in a durable, universal piano-style pedal.

  • Headphones: Wired headphones are ideal for practicing without disturbing others. Bluetooth headphones can work if your instrument supports Bluetooth, but they are not recommended for recording or serious practice due to audio lag (latency).

  • Power Adapter: For budget keyboards you'll need to confirm that a power adapter is included with the keyboard. If not, you'll have to purchase one separately. Make sure the power adapter you purchase matches the amperage and voltage of your keyboard by checking the manual or online.

  • Instrument & Accessory Bundles: Some keyboards and digital pianos come in bundles that include stands, benches, sustain pedals, and even headphones. These packages can sometimes save money compared to purchasing accessories separately.

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not ready to buy? try renting

  • If you're not ready to buy, some companies offer rentals for digital keyboards or digital pianos. 

  • You'll need to evaluate the price and term to determine if renting makes sense financially. 

  • There may be delivery and setup fees, and other costs associated with renting, so check the fine print and know the details

  • This can be a great solution for someone relocating temporarily, on vacation, etc

 
you can sometimes save money with a demo model

  • When purchasing a digital keyboard or piano, you may be able to find a lower priced instrument by purchasing a "demo" keyboard.

  • Demo keyboards are keyboards which are used at retail stores to let customers try out the instrument.

  • These are usually sold with a warranty, but the one downside of demo models is they may have cosmetic or functional defects that can be disappointing or downright discouraging.

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KNOW THE RETURN & warranty POLICY

  • Make sure you are clear on the return policy, including if you'll have to pay for shipping, restocking fees, etc

  • Most reputable companies have solid return policies and will address issues fairly

  • Some sellers, especially budget stores and online retailers, do not have good customer service or do not follow through on returns, repairs, etc.

  • Some top retailers offer extended warranties or added services, perks, discounts, etc. 

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reselling, upgrading, donating

  • If you have outgrown your keyboard, you can always try to sell it locally or using a site like Reverb.com, which specializes in selling music equipment

  • Some retailers will take trade-ins, applying credit towards your next purchase

  • You can also donate instruments to friends, local schools or community organizations, and online

 

For additional guidance on digital keyboards, pianos, midi controllers, and more, check out this article on the best beginner keyboards & digital pianos for learning piano from Sweetwater Sound.

acoustic PIANOs

Purchasing an acoustic piano is a significant investment, whether new or used. A well-chosen instrument can last for decades, and researching and testing different options will help you find one you truly love while getting the best value for your budget.

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Types of Upright Pianos

 

Types of Grand Pianos

 

Trusted Dealers & Resources

It is always best to buy and learn from piano experts with a proven track record and lots of positive reviews​

  • Steinway & Sons – One of the most respected piano manufacturers, offering new and used upright and grand pianos, rentals, technician services, and more.

  • Piano Buyer – A comprehensive guide by veteran piano technician Larry Fine that helps buyers navigate the process of purchasing new or used pianos, including brand comparisons and industry insights with up to date information about most prominent brands.

  • PianoPiano – A well-regarded dealer offering a variety of affordable rental and purchase options with easy delivery and pickup services.

  • Big Wrench Piano Care – Our friend and neighbor in Carroll Gardens, Brooklyn, offering expert piano sales, maintenance, tuning, and evaluation services.

 

Buying a New Piano

A new piano is a significant investment, but buying from a reputable dealer comes with perks such as high-quality craftsmanship, manufacturer warranties, and reliable support.

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  • Choose a Reputable Dealer & Manufacturer – Well-known brands such as Steinway, Yamaha, and Kawai, sold through trusted dealers, ensure high-quality instruments, warranties, and reliable service.

  • Visit a Showroom – Online research is helpful, but every piano has unique tone, touch, and character. Trying multiple pianos in person helps you understand the differences between models. It will also help you understand what you don't want in a piano.

  • Take Your Time When Trying Out Pianos – Comparing models and spending at least an hour in a showroom will help you find the best fit. Most sales people know it's a big purchase, and they typically want to make serious clients feel comfortable. If you need time to decide, ask if the dealer can hold the piano for you while you think it over.

  • Look for Perks – Some dealers offer trade-up programs, free tunings, or extended warranties, which add long-term value.

  • Negotiate the Price – Many new pianos have some pricing flexibility. Always ask about discounts, financing, or promotional deals.

 

Buying a Used Piano

A used piano can be a cost-effective way to get a high-quality instrument, but it requires careful evaluation to avoid unexpected repair costs.

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  • A Free Piano Isn’t Necessarily Free – Many free or cheap pianos have serious structural issues like cracked soundboards, worn-out action components, or tuning instability. Repairs can cost hundreds or thousands of dollars, so always inspect before accepting a free piano.

  • It’s In Tune, But Is It? – A used piano may sound in tune with itself but still be out of concert pitch (A440). If it can’t be tuned to standard pitch, playing with other musicians or recorded music will be difficult. A piano technician can check whether it holds tuning properly.

  • Dealership Setup Matters – Some high-end dealerships fully regulate, voice, and tune their used pianos, while budget sellers may skip these steps to offer lower prices. A discounted piano may require additional work after purchase to bring it up to standard.

  • Hire a Technician Before Buying – A professional inspection ($100-$150) ensures the piano is structurally sound and playable. A technician can check tuning stability, action responsiveness, and potential repair costs before you commit.

  • Check for Signs of Wear – Look for cracks in the soundboard, sticking keys, rusted strings, and warped hammers. Even newer pianos can have damage from improper maintenance.

  • Test the Tuning Stability – If a piano won’t stay in tune, it may have a pinblock issue, which is expensive to fix. Some pianos need multiple tunings after relocation before stabilizing.

  • Play Every Key – Uneven response, sluggish action, or inconsistent tone may indicate worn-out felts, hammers, or misaligned keys. These issues can be repaired, but factor in the cost before purchasing

Where to Place Your Piano

Proper placement is crucial for maintaining your piano’s sound quality and longevity. The environment directly affects tuning stability, tone, and overall condition.

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Avoid Environmental Damage

Pianos are sensitive to temperature and humidity changes. Keep the piano away from direct sunlight, drafts, heaters, fireplaces, and sources of moisture. These factors can cause warping, cracking, or tuning instability over time.

 

Temperature & Humidity Control

  • Ideal humidity: Around 50% is best for maintaining the wood and tuning stability.

  • Winter care: Indoor heating can cause dry air, leading to cracked wood and soundboard shrinkage. Use a humidifier if needed.

  • Summer care: Excess humidity can cause swelling and sticking keys. A dehumidifier or climate control can help prevent these issues.

  • Minimize fluctuations: The key to piano health is preventing sudden environmental changes, which are more damaging than gradual seasonal shifts.

 

Optimal Positioning

  • Prioritize Its Sound: Pianos sound best with a bit of space around them, but if that’s not practical, prioritize environmental stability and sound quality.

  • Protect Your Instrument: Try to keep your piano away from drafty windows, radiators, and other places where temperature shifts occur. Your instrument should be located in a room where you have the maximum environmental control possible, and it should be as stable year-round as possible.

  • Grand Pianos: should be positioned so the lid opens toward the room, audience, or recording space for optimal sound projection.

  • Upright Pianos: It is sometimes hard, especially in small apartments, but leaving some space behind and around the instrument allows for better resonance.

 

Additional Considerations

  • Stable Environment: Regulate humidity and temperature year-round to keep your piano in top condition.

  • It Is Not Furniture. It's an instrument: Never place drinks or liquids on the piano, as spills can cause extensive, and expensive damage.

  • Don't Put Anything On The Piano - Do not use your piano as a shelf or countertop. Placing heavy objects on it can interfere with the soundboard and tuning stability, and can also result in damage to the piano.

RENTING VS. BUYING A PIANO

Both renting and buying have advantages—your decision should be based on budget, playing needs, and long-term plans.

 

Advantages of Renting

  • Lower Cost: Renting allows you to access a quality instrument without the large upfront investment required for purchasing a piano.

  • Flexibility: Ideal for beginners, short-term commitments, or those unsure about making a long-term investment.

  • Maintenance Included: Many rental agreements include regular tuning and maintenance services, reducing upkeep concerns.

  • Try Before You Buy: Renting gives you the chance to determine if a particular piano suits your needs before committing to a purchase.

  • Rent-to-Own Options: Some companies apply rental payments toward the purchase price, allowing you to invest gradually in an instrument.

  • Renting Digital Pianos: Many retailers offer digital piano rentals, making it easier to access a quality instrument without a large financial commitment.

 

advantages of Buying

  • Long-Term Investment: Though the upfront cost is higher, purchasing a piano and maintaining it properly can be more cost-effective over time compared to long-term renting. And a well maintained, high-quality piano will retain its value over time.

  • Full Control Over Maintenance: You decide when and how the piano is serviced, giving you more control over the sound and feel of your instrument, and ensuring optimal performance and longevity.

  • Better Selection: Buying allows you to try out higher quality pianos and choose from a wider range of models, sizes, and features to find the perfect piano for your needs.

​​​​Check out these New York Magazine articles on buying and studying piano, where Keylab is featured alongside other top music studios and educators from across NYC:

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📖 Purchasing A Piano: A First-Time Buyer’s Guide


📖 The Everything Guide to Picking Up Piano as an Adult

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acoustic
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